The CoO/Ti3C2 composite is prepared via a facile hydrothermal route followed by calcination, of which the morphology and the microstructure are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). CoO nanoparticles with the diameter of 10–20 nm are uniformly coated on the surface of Ti3C2 nanosheets, which increases the surface areas and prevents the aggregation of CoO. In addition, the CoO/Ti3C2 composite as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) demonstrates a higher initial discharge capacity of 1389 mAh g−1 with a columbic efficiency of 61% at 100 mAh g−1. The reversible capacity can remain about 313 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles, which is much higher than that of the pure Ti3C2. The present results indicate that CoO/Ti3C2 composite has a potential application in the anode of LIB.