Microscale pumps that are simultaneously capable of turning “on” in response to specific analytes in solution and of providing precise control over flow rate will be needed for certain types of smart micro-and nanoscale devices. Access to these types of pumps, however, has remained limited.[1] Two general approaches for designing microscale pumps have been proposed:[1–3] 1) those that are turned on and off by input from the user; and 2) single- ...
