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1.它是一种在高温环境下具有良好的耐磨、耐腐蚀、抗氧化的高熔点的材料，与镍铬合金制得的硬质合金颗粒，采用等离子喷涂法，可作为耐高温、耐磨、耐氧化与耐酸涂层，广泛用在飞机发动机和石油化工机械器件上，可大大提高机械的寿命。也常用作硬质合金的晶粒细化剂及其他耐磨、耐腐蚀元件。以Cr3C2为基的金属陶瓷在高温下有极优异的抗氧化性能。
2.用于碳化铬陶瓷。粗粒碳化铬作为熔喷材料在金属及陶瓷表面形成熔喷覆膜，赋予后者以耐磨、耐热、耐蚀等性能，广泛用于飞机发动机及石油化工机械器件上，以大大提高机械寿命。亦用于喷制半导体膜。
| 中文名 | 碳化铬 |
|---|---|
| 英文名 | Chromium carbide |
| 中文别名 | 二碳化三铬 |
| 英文别名 |
MFCD00016041
chromium(2+),methanidylidynechromium EINECS 234-576-1 |
| 密度 | 6.68 |
|---|---|
| 沸点 | 3800ºC |
| 熔点 | 1890ºC |
| 分子式 | C2Cr3 |
| 分子量 | 180.01000 |
| 精确质量 | 179.82200 |
| LogP | 0.00340 |
| 外观性状 | 无气味的灰色粉末 |
| 储存条件 | 贮存于阴凉、通风、干燥的库房内，密封保存。 |
| 稳定性 | 高温抗氧化性好，在空气中1100℃温度下维持4h不氧化。正交晶系，晶胞常数a=0.2821nm,b=0.552nm,c=1.146nm。Cr3C2熔点1895℃。具有高硬度，微维氏硬度（负荷50g）2280kg/mm2，密度6.68g/cm3耐高温、耐腐蚀等特性。但在空气中加热至600℃以上时，会被氧化。 |
| 水溶解性 | Insoluble in water. |
| 分子结构 | 1、 摩尔折射率：无可用 2、 摩尔体积（cm3/mol）：无可用 3、 等张比容（90.2K）：无可用 4、 表面张力（dyne/cm）：无可用 |
| 计算化学 | 1.疏水参数计算参考值（XlogP）:无 2.氢键供体数量:0 3.氢键受体数量:2 4.可旋转化学键数量:0 5.互变异构体数量:无 6.拓扑分子极性表面积0 7.重原子数量:5 8.表面电荷:0 9.复杂度:28.9 10.同位素原子数量:0 11.确定原子立构中心数量:0 12.不确定原子立构中心数量:0 13.确定化学键立构中心数量:0 14.不确定化学键立构中心数量:0 15.共价键单元数量:3 |
| 更多 | 1. 性状：灰色粉末,有金属光泽。正交晶系，a=2.821、b=5.52、c=11.46 2. 密度（g/mL,25/4℃）： 6.68 3. 相对蒸汽密度（g/mL,空气=1）：无可用 4. 熔点（ºC）：1890 5. 沸点（ºC,常压）：3800 6. 沸点（ºC,5.2kPa）： 无可用 7. 折射率： 无可用 8. 闪点（ºC）： 无可用 9. 比旋光度（º）：无可用 10. 自燃点或引燃温度（ºC）：无可用 11. 蒸气压（kPa,25ºC）：无可用 12. 饱和蒸气压（kPa,60ºC）：无可用 13. 燃烧热（KJ/mol）：无可用 14. 临界温度（ºC）：无可用 15. 临界压力（KPa）：无可用 16. 油水（辛醇/水）分配系数的对数值：无可用 17. 爆炸上限（%,V/V）：无可用 18. 爆炸下限（%,V/V）： 无可用 19. 溶解性：不溶于水 20. 微维氏硬度(负荷50 g)：2700 kg/mm2 21. 热膨胀系数：10.3×10－6/K。 |
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Section1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE/MIXTURE Product identifiers Product name: Chromium carbide CAS-No.: 12012-35-0 Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Identified uses: Laboratory chemicals, Manufacture of substances Section2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION Classification of the substance or mixture Not a hazardous substance or mixture according to Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008. Not a hazardous substance or mixture according to EC-directives 67/548/EEC or 1999/45/EC. Label elements The product does not need to be labelled in accordance with EC directives or respective national laws. Other hazards - none Section3. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS Substances Formula: C2Cr3 Molecular Weight: 180,01 g/mol Section4. FIRST AID MEASURES Description of first aid measures If inhaled If breathed in, move person into fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. In case of skin contact Wash off with soap and plenty of water. In case of eye contact Flush eyes with water as a precaution. If swallowed Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with water. Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed no data available Section5. FIREFIGHTING MEASURES Extinguishing media Suitable extinguishing media Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture Chromium oxides Advice for firefighters Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary. Further information no data available Section6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures Avoid dust formation. Avoid breathing vapors, mist or gas. Environmental precautions Do not let product enter drains. Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up Sweep up and shovel. Keep in suitable, closed containers for disposal. Reference to other sections For disposal see section 13. Section7. HANDLING AND STORAGE Precautions for safe handling Provide appropriate exhaust ventilation at places where dust is formed.Normal measures for preventive fire protection. Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities Store in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Specific end uses no data available Section8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS/PERSONAL PROTECTION Control parameters Components with workplace control parameters Exposure controls Appropriate engineering controls General industrial hygiene practice. Personal protective equipment Eye/face protection Use equipment for eye protection tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU). Skin protection Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique (without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices. Wash and dry hands. The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and the standard EN 374 derived from it. Body Protection Choose body protection in relation to its type, to the concentration and amount of dangerous substances, and to the specific work-place., The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace. Respiratory protection Respiratory protection is not required. Where protection from nuisance levels of dusts are desired, use type N95 (US) or type P1 (EN 143) dust masks. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU). Section9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES Information on basic physical and chemical properties a) AppearanceForm: powder b) Odourno data available c) Odour Thresholdno data available d) pHno data available e) Melting point/freezingno data available point f) Initial boiling point and no data available boiling range g) Flash pointno data available h) Evaporation rateno data available i) Flammability (solid, gas) no data available j) Upper/lowerno data available flammability or explosive limits k) Vapour pressureno data available l) Vapour densityno data available m) Relative density6,68 g/mL at 25 °C n) Water solubilityno data available o) Partition coefficient: n- no data available octanol/water p) Autoignitionno data available temperature q) Decompositionno data available temperature r) Viscosityno data available s) Explosive propertiesno data available t) Oxidizing propertiesno data available Other safety information no data available Section10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY Reactivity no data available Chemical stability no data available Possibility of hazardous reactions no data available Conditions to avoid no data available Incompatible materials Strong oxidizing agents Hazardous decomposition products Other decomposition products - no data available Section11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION Information on toxicological effects Acute toxicity no data available Skin corrosion/irritation no data available Serious eye damage/eye irritation no data available Respiratory or skin sensitization no data available Germ cell mutagenicity no data available Carcinogenicity IARC:No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as probable, possible or confirmed human carcinogen by IARC. Reproductive toxicity no data available Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure no data available Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure no data available Aspiration hazard no data available Potential health effects InhalationMay be harmful if inhaled. May cause respiratory tract irritation. IngestionMay be harmful if swallowed. SkinMay be harmful if absorbed through skin. May cause skin irritation. EyesMay cause eye irritation. Additional Information RTECS: Not available Section12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION Toxicity no data available Persistence and degradability no data available Bioaccumulative potential no data available Mobility in soil no data available Results of PBT and vPvB assessment no data available Other adverse effects no data available Section13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS Waste treatment methods Product Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company. Contaminated packaging Dispose of as unused product. Section14. TRANSPORT INFORMATION UN number ADR/RID: -IMDG: -IATA: - UN proper shipping name ADR/RID: Not dangerous goods IMDG: Not dangerous goods IATA:Not dangerous goods Transport hazard class(es) ADR/RID: -IMDG: -IATA: - Packaging group ADR/RID: -IMDG: -IATA: - Environmental hazards ADR/RID: noIMDG Marine pollutant: noIATA: no Special precautions for user no data available SECTION 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION N/A SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION N/A |
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生态学数据: 该物质对环境可能有危害，对水体应给予特别注意。
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| 个人防护装备 | Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter |
|---|---|
| 危害码 (欧洲) | T+ |
| 危险品运输编码 | UN3178 |
| WGK德国 | 3 |
| 包装等级 | III |
| 危险类别 | 4.1 |
1.金属铬粉碳化法 将炭黑按13.5%～64%(质量)的比例(比理论结合碳量11.33%还多)与用电解铬粉碎而成325目的金属铬粉末，用球磨机进行干式混合之后作为原料。添加1％～3％硬脂酸作为成型用润滑剂。用1 T/cm2以上压力加压成型。将该加压成型粉末放进石墨盘里或坩埚里，用塔曼炉或感应加热炉，在氢气流(氢气露点在-35℃左右)中，加热至1500～1700℃，并保持1h，使铬进行碳化反应，生成碳化铬，经冷却，制得碳化铬。
2.将炭黑按13.5%～64%(质量分数)的比例与金属铬粉末（325目以下的粉末，采用电解法得到的）在球磨机上进行干法混合。添加1%～3%的硬脂酸作为成型润滑剂。在1t/cm2的压力下成形。将加压成形的混合物装到石墨盘或坩埚里，下图VI-1 碳化用感应加热炉：
1—石棉保护板；2—感应线圈；3—硅线石；4—石墨盖；5—有孔石墨盖；6—石墨坩埚
用塔曼炉或图所示的感应加热炉，在氢气流中，加热至1500～1700℃，维持1h，得到Cr3C2。
3.由氧化铬的还原制取碳化铬。三水合三草酸根合铬（Ⅲ）酸铵（NH4）3［Cr(C2O4)3］·3H2O或甲酸铬Cr(HCO2)3经400℃加热分解制备三氧化二铬Cr2O3细粉［5］。将74%（质量分数）Cr2O3微粉与26%（质量分数）炭黑用球磨机混合，用硬脂酸为润滑剂，在1t/cm2左右压力下加压成形。将加压成形的混合物按制法1投入石墨容器中，在氢气流中用塔曼炉或感应加热炉加热，保持在1500～1700℃，使氧化物还原，然后继续进行渗碳以制取Cr3C2。反应完毕后仍在氢气流中冷却至室温，将产物粉碎过筛得到Cr3C2粉末。制得Cr3C2的纯度为：含结合碳12.7%～13.0%(质量分数)，游离碳0.2%～0.3%(质量分数)。
4.金属铬粉（或氧化铬粉）与炭粉混合加压成型，在还原气氛中（覆盖在炭粉下或在渗碳性煤气中），于1000℃以上温度烧结。
5.100份粒径为34μｍ的氧化铬粉，与34.25份石墨及6.7份水混匀后，装入刚玉坩埚，上面覆盖石墨，加盖后于1400℃烧3h。冷后轻压筛分，得到适于熔喷的Ｃｒ３Ｃ２，氧化铬转化率97%。