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乙醛酸

乙醛酸用途

NSC 27785是一种有机化合物,既是醛又是羧酸。

乙醛酸名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
298-12-4

[ 中文名 ]:
乙醛酸

[ 英文名 ]:
Glyoxylic acid

[中文别名 ]:

[英文别名 ]:

Acetic acid,oxo
Oxoacetic acid
MFCD00006958
Glyoxalic acid
glyoxylate
Oxalaldehydic acid
2-Oxoacetic acid
EINECS 206-058-5
Oxoethanoic acid
carboxyketone

乙醛酸生物活性

[ 描述 ]:

NSC 27785是一种有机化合物,既是醛又是羧酸。

[ 相关类别 ]:

天然产物 >> 其他

研究领域 >> 其他

[ 靶点 ]

Human Endogenous Metabolite

[相关活性小分子]

乙醛酸物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.3

[ 沸点 ]:
111 ºC

[ 熔点 ]:
-93°C

[ 分子式 ]:
C₂H₂O₃

[ 分子量 ]:
74.035

[ 闪点 ]:
111°C

[ 精确质量 ]:
74.000397

[ PSA ]:
54.37000

[ LogP ]:
-0.93

[ 外观性状 ]:
淡黄色透明液体

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
0.0±0.9 mmHg at 25°C

[ 折射率 ]:
1.403

[ 储存条件 ]:
2-8°C

[ 水溶解性 ]:
miscible

乙醛酸MSDS

乙醛酸毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: MD4550000

CHEMICAL NAME :: Glyoxylic acid

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 298-12-4

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 0741891

LAST UPDATED :: 199710

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 7

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C2-H2-O3

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 74.04

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: VHVQ

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 3 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Brain and Coverings - other degenerative changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intramuscular

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 250 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Mutation in microorganisms

TEST SYSTEM :: Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium

DOSE/DURATION :: 1500 ug/plate

REFERENCE :: MUREAV Mutation Research. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1964- Volume(issue)/page/year: 189,217,1987 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X5852 No. of Facilities: 527 (estimated) No. of Industries: 2 No. of Occupations: 2 No. of Employees: 4281 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 2045 (estimated)

乙醛酸安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS05, GHS07

[ 信号词 ]:
Danger

[ 危害声明 ]:
H290-H317-H318

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P280-P305 + P351 + P338 + P310-P333 + P313

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;Goggles;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xi:Irritant;

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R41;R43

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S26-S36/37/39-S45-S37/39-S24

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 3265 8/PG 2

[ WGK德国 ]:
1

[ RTECS号 ]:
MD4550000

[ 包装等级 ]:
III

[ 危险类别 ]:
8

[ 海关编码 ]:
2918300090

乙醛酸合成路线

乙醛酸上下游产品

乙醛酸上游产品

乙醛酸下游产品

乙醛酸制备

1.草酸电解法草酸水溶液经电解还原，生成乙醛酸稀溶液，然后经蒸发、浓缩、冷冻、过滤逐渐提浓，最后得合格品包装。

2.乙二醛氧化法乙二醛在催化剂作用下经空气或氧气氧化，生成乙醛酸，然后经精制提纯得成品。另外，二氯乙酸与甲醇钠缩合得到二甲氧基乙酸钠，再用盐酸水解就生成乙醛酸。

3.二氯乙酸法将甲醇钠和甲醇投入反应罐内，加热至40~50℃，缓缓滴加二氯乙酸，在完成后回流反应2h，缩合完毕，然后冷至室温，过滤，甲醇洗涤，合并洗滤液，即得二甲氧基乙酸钠甲醇溶液。再将该溶液减压浓缩至干，加入2.8份盐酸于水浴上加热，并搅拌成糊状而得水解物，再升温至90℃，冷至10℃左右，过滤、分离，即得成品。

4.顺酐臭氧化还原法将顺酐溶于甲酸中，通入臭氧氧化，然后用锌粉等还原而得乙醛酸。

5.制法：

于装有搅拌器、温度计、通气导管、滴液漏斗的反应瓶中，加入40%的乙二醛（2）500g（3.4mol），亚硝酸钠1g，40%的硝酸90g（0.57mol），水160mL，搅拌下升温至60℃，反应开始后（有棕色气体生成），放热丙自动升温，开始通入空气。维持反应液60℃滴加40%的硝酸。控制滴加速度，每小时10g，共滴加50g，约需5h。加完后升温至75℃搅拌反应2h，并慢慢滴加40%的硝酸10g，而后于85%～100℃反应，直至乙二醛完全硝酸（GC跟踪），约需3～5h。冷至室温，得乙醛酸水溶液745～769g，浓度28.2%。减压浓缩，可以得到40%的乙醛酸（1）水溶液500～535g，收率80%～85%。

乙醛酸海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 2918300090

[ 中文概述 ]:
2918300090 其他含醛基或酮基不含其他含氧基羧酸（包括酸酐、酰卤化物、过氧化物和过氧酸及该税号的衍生物）. 增值税率:17.0% 退税率:9.0% 监管条件:无最惠国关税:6.5% 普通关税:30.0%

[ 申报要素 ]: 品名, 成分含量, 用途

[ Summary ]:
2918300090 other carboxylic acids with aldehyde or ketone function but without other oxygen function, their anhydrides, halides, peroxides, peroxyacids and their derivatives。Supervision conditions:None。VAT:17.0%。Tax rebate rate:9.0%。MFN tariff:6.5%。General tariff:30.0%

乙醛酸文献

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乙醛酸