硫酸羟胺

硫酸羟胺用途

【用途一】
用作分析试剂、还原剂，也用于有机合成
【用途二】
主要用于己内酰胺的制备及用作医药、农药的中间体
【用途三】
羟胺硫酸盐又称硫酸羟胺、硫酸胲。其衍生物肟或羟肟酸衍生物可用来生产杀虫剂如灭多威、涕灭威和硫双灭多威以及杀菌剂和除草剂。羟胺硫酸盐是一种还原剂、显影剂和橡胶硫化剂，是合成己内酰胺的重要原料，还用于生产异噁唑衍生物、磺胺药物和维生素B₅、维生素B₁₂，还可用于高分子合成和化学分析。
【用途四】
用作还原剂、显影剂和橡胶硫化剂。该品是合成已内酰胺的重要原料。也是医药、农药的中间体，用于生产一系列异噁唑衍生物、磺胺药物和维生素B6、B12。衍生物肟或羟肟酸衍生物可用来生产农药杀虫剂、杀菌剂和除草剂。还可用于高分子合成原料和化合物的精制、聚合催化剂及化学分析试剂等。
【用途五】
无机分析还原剂，能使金、银和汞的化合物还原成单体元素，以及将Fe3+、Cu2+、V5+还原成低价化合物，测定硒，生物及生化研究，照相显影剂，制造肟，催化剂，溶胀剂，共聚反应阻聚剂，皮革去毛等。

硫酸羟胺名称

[ CAS 号 ]:
10039-54-0

[ 中文名 ]:
硫酸羟胺

[ 英文名 ]:
Bis(hydroxyammonium) sulfate

[中文别名 ]:

羟胺,硫酸盐

[英文别名 ]:

Hydroxylamine Sulfate
Hydroxyamine sulfate
HYDROXYLAMINE SULPHATE
Oxammonium sulfate
Oxyammonium sulfate
bis(hydroxylammonium)
Hydroxylammonium
hydroxylaminedisulfate
Hydroxylammonium Sulfate
EINECS 233-118-8

硫酸羟胺物理化学性质

[ 密度 ]:
1.86

[ 沸点 ]:
56.5℃

[ 熔点 ]:
170 °C (dec.)(lit.)

[ 分子式 ]:
H₈N₂O₆S

[ 分子量 ]:
164.138

[ 精确质量 ]:
164.010300

[ PSA ]:
175.48000

[ LogP ]:
0.49720

[ 外观性状 ]:
白色晶体或粉末

[ 蒸汽压 ]:
3.35E-05mmHg at 25°C

[ 储存条件 ]:
库房通风低温干燥,与氧化剂分开存放

[ 稳定性 ]:
Stability Stable, but may be an explosion hazard - do not heat. May decompose explosively in the presence of alkalies. Air sensitive. Hygroscopic. Incompatible with copper, copper alloys, strong oxidising agents, strong bases, nitrites.

[ 水溶解性 ]:
329 g/L (20 ºC)

硫酸羟胺MSDS

详细MSDS(安全技术说明书)

硫酸羟胺毒性和生态

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: NC5425000

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 10039-54-0

LAST UPDATED :: 199803

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 9

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: H3-N-O.1/2H2-O4-S

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 164.16

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: ZQ &S-O4

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 842 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - tremor Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 980 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - excitement Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 102 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis Skin and Appendages - corrosive (after topical exposure) Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 910 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - excitement Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - cyanosis

MUTATION DATA

TEST SYSTEM :: Insect - Drosophila melanogaster

DOSE/DURATION :: 5000 ppm

REFERENCE :: CARYAB Caryologia. (Via G. LaPira 4, 50121 Florence, Italy) V.1- 1948- Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,1,1978 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - X1488 No. of Facilities: 1603 (estimated) No. of Industries: 19 No. of Occupations: 20 No. of Employees: 18175 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 7954 (estimated)

硫酸羟胺安全信息

[ 符号 ]:

GHS05, GHS07, GHS08, GHS09

[ 信号词 ]:
Warning

[ 危害声明 ]:
H290-H302 + H312-H315-H317-H319-H351-H373-H400-H412

[ 警示性声明 ]:
P273-P280-P305 + P351 + P338

[ 个人防护装备 ]:
dust mask type N95 (US);Eyeshields;Faceshields;Gloves

[ 危害码 (欧洲) ]:
Xn:Harmful

[ 风险声明 (欧洲) ]:
R22;R36/38;R43;R48/22;R50

[ 安全声明 (欧洲) ]:
S22-S24-S37-S61

[ 危险品运输编码 ]:
UN 2865 8/PG 3

[ WGK德国 ]:
3

[ RTECS号 ]:
NC5425000

[ 包装等级 ]:
III

[ 危险类别 ]:
8

[ 海关编码 ]:
28251000

硫酸羟胺制备

1.以甲乙酮和硫酸及氨反应，生成甲乙酮肟，然后与硫酸反应，经水解制得硫酸羟胺（结晶型）和甲乙酮和硫铵副产。

2.由亚硝酸钠和亚硫酸氢铵混合进行反应，于低温下通入二氧化硫使反应物吸收得羟胺二磺酸盐，再进行水解，制得硫酸羟胺。

3.采用硫酸与硝基烃反应亦可制得硫酸羟胺。

2.用亚硫酸氢钠还原亚硝酸钠，酸化后生成羟氨二磺酸钠盐溶液，加热水解生成硫酸羟氨溶液。将34.5g NaNO2和104g NaHSO3分别溶解于300mL和400mL水中，并放入冰盐浴中进行冷却，使温度降至5℃以下。在继续保持低温的条件下将两溶液混合，注意不要让温度高于12℃。继续用冰盐浴进行冷却，使温度降至-5～0℃，用30%左右的稀硫酸进行酸化，直至溶液对刚果红呈弱酸性反应为止，此时即生成羟氨二磺酸钠盐溶液。将所得的溶液加热至沸，羟氨二磺酸钠发生水解，生成硫酸羟氨与硫酸钠的混合溶液。为制取硫酸羟氨的结晶，将上述混合溶液冷却到30℃，并转移至蒸馏瓶中，加入43mL丙酮，静置3h后用30% NaOH溶液进行碱化，直至溶液对石蕊呈弱碱性反应为止。加热至沸进行蒸馏，收集含有丙酮肟的馏分(当5mL馏出液与2mL乙醚一起摇匀，分离出醚层，放在表面皿上蒸发，表面皿上无结晶留下，即表示已达蒸馏终点)。将蒸出的含丙酮肟的馏份移至另一带回流冷凝管的蒸馏瓶中，加入20g硫酸(以100%计)，先加热煮沸1h，然后蒸出丙酮馏分。在剩余的溶液中加入1g活性炭，煮沸10min后过滤。将滤液蒸发浓缩至有一层结晶膜形成，冷却结晶，将结晶抽滤干并用少量乙醇洗涤后，于40～45℃下干燥。

4.在搅拌下，将36kg亚硝酸钠缓慢加入160L水、33.3kg无水碳酸钠和3kg醋酸的混合液中，保持温度在8～15℃，然后通入二氧化硫，此时反应物由粥状逐渐变稀，狆犎值由碱性逐渐变酸性，测含量。将上述合成好的羟胺磺酸钠，在搅拌下加入36kg丙酮，于55～72℃保温10h，降温至40℃以下逐渐加入40%氢氧化钠使ph值为7～8，加热蒸出丙酮肟，当蒸馏到体积为一半时，可通入蒸气进行水蒸气蒸馏，将蒸出的丙酮肟合并，测含量。若加入化学纯硫酸，加完酸后，放置过夜，之后浓缩至原体积的
2／5放冷，过滤，再蒸发至2／3体积，倒入至同体积的乙醇中析出结晶，抽滤，得粗品。水溶液脱色过滤清亮后，倒入同体积乙醇中，即析出结晶，过滤，然后在90～100℃干燥得成品。
过程反应式：

硫酸羟胺海关

[ 海关编码 ]: 28251000

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