N,N-Dimethylformamide

Modify Date: 2024-01-02 04:04:51

N,N-Dimethylformamide Structure
N,N-Dimethylformamide structure
Common Name N,N-Dimethylformamide
CAS Number 68-12-2 Molecular Weight 73.09380
Density 0.948 g/mL at 20 °C Boiling Point 153 °C(lit.)
Molecular Formula C3H7NO Melting Point -61 °C
MSDS Chinese USA Flash Point 136 °F
Symbol GHS02 GHS07 GHS08
GHS02, GHS07, GHS08
Signal Word Danger

 Use of N,N-Dimethylformamide


N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) is widely used as a drug solvent. N,N-Dimethylformamide is a dipolar protophilic solvent with physicochemical properties that makes it suitable as solvent for capillary electrophoresis (CE)[1][2].

 Names

Name N,N-dimethylformamide
Synonym More Synonyms

 N,N-Dimethylformamide Biological Activity

Description N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) is widely used as a drug solvent. N,N-Dimethylformamide is a dipolar protophilic solvent with physicochemical properties that makes it suitable as solvent for capillary electrophoresis (CE)[1][2].
Related Catalog
In Vivo N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF; N-Formyldimethylamine) has hepatotoxic properties[3].
References

[1]. Porras SP, et al. Capillary electrophoresis in N,N-dimethylformamide. Electrophoresis. 2005;26(17):3279-3291.

[2]. Varma RK, et al. Solvent artifacts likely to be induced by dimethylformamide. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1986;30(3):248-254.

[3]. Mráz J, et al. Investigation of the mechanistic basis of N,N-dimethylformamide toxicity. Metabolism of N,N-dimethylformamide and its deuterated isotopomers by cytochrome P450 2E1. Chem Res Toxicol. 1993;6(2):197-207.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Density 0.948 g/mL at 20 °C
Boiling Point 153 °C(lit.)
Melting Point -61 °C
Molecular Formula C3H7NO
Molecular Weight 73.09380
Flash Point 136 °F
Exact Mass 73.05280
PSA 20.31000
LogP 0.34030
Vapour density 2.5 (vs air)
Index of Refraction n20/D 1.430(lit.)
Water Solubility soluble

 Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
LQ2100000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Formamide, N,N-dimethyl-
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
68-12-2
LAST UPDATED :
199806
DATA ITEMS CITED :
102
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C3-H7-N-O
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
73.11
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
VHN1&1

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Standard Draize test
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Human
TYPE OF TEST :
Rinsed with water
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration into the eye
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
5000 ppm/6H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD - Lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
>3160 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
1400 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - muscle weakness Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
3800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
>3 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
3700 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - excitement Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity
TYPE OF TEST :
LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
9400 mg/m3/2H
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - muscle weakness Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
650 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
4500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
2500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intramuscular
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
3900 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
470 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
500 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Blood - changes in cell count (unspecified)
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
5 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
4720 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
1 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Blood - changes in cell count (unspecified)
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
1800 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
4 gm/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - fatty liver degeneration
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
1050 mg/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
13 gm/kg/15W-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - food intake (animal) Liver - changes in liver weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
5400 mg/kg/90D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - changes in liver weight Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Blood - changes in leukocyte (WBC) count
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
400 ppm/6H/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - changes in liver weight Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - transaminases
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
300 mg/m3/4H/26W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Brain and Coverings - recordings from specific areas of CNS Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
500 ug/m3/24H/60D-C
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes in urine composition Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase Biochemical - Metabolism (Intermediary) - porphyrin including bile pigments
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
2523 ppm/6H/5D-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
800 ppm/6H/13W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Liver - changes in liver weight Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in bladder weight Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
18 gm/kg/2W-I
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain Related to Chronic Data - death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
5030 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
800 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
female 13 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Maternal Effects - other effects Endocrine - effect on menstrual cycle
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
50 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
male 13 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Paternal Effects - spermatogenesis (incl. genetic material, sperm morphology, motility, and count)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
4 mg/m3/4H
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-19 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
600 mg/m3/24H
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-19 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - behavioral
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
287 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
female 0-19 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - extra-embryonic structures (e.g., placenta, umbilical cord) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
300 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
DOSE :
3600 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 11-13 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
DOSE :
7552 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
DOSE :
20 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - pre-implantation mortality (e.g. reduction in number of implants per female; total number of implants per corpora lutea) Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
DOSE :
20 gm/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-20 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - female fertility index (e.g. # females pregnant per # sperm positive females; # females pregnant per # females mated) Reproductive - Effects on Newborn - delayed effects
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
1820 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-15 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
200 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
female 13 week(s) pre-mating
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Maternal Effects - other effects Endocrine - effect on menstrual cycle
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
2100 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 11 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
DOSE :
15120 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 1-14 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - craniofacial (including nose and tongue) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - other developmental abnormalities
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
2600 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-18 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - body wall Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Oral
DOSE :
2600 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-18 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus)
TYPE OF TEST :
TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Inhalation
DOSE :
450 ppm/6H
SEX/DURATION :
female 7-19 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - body wall Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
TYPE OF TEST :
TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Administration onto the skin
DOSE :
5200 mg/kg
SEX/DURATION :
female 6-18 day(s) after conception
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - other effects to embryo
TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis
TYPE OF TEST :
Dominant lethal test
TYPE OF TEST :
Micronucleus test
TYPE OF TEST :
Cytogenetic analysis

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
Host-mediated assay
TEST SYSTEM :
Rodent - mouse Bacteria - Salmonella typhimurium
REFERENCE :
CHPUA4 Chemicky Prumysl. Chemical Industry. (SNTL-Statni Nakladatelstvi Technicke Literatury, Spalena 51, 113 02 Prague 1, Czechoslovakia) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 31,548,1981 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 30 mg/m3 (10 ppm) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Human Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 47,171,1989 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 47,171,1989 IARC Cancer Review:Group 2B IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 47,171,1989 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW CMTVAS Cahiers de Medecine du Travail. (Association Professionnelle Belge des Medecine du Travail, rue du Bultia, 6280 Gerpinnes, Belgium) V.1- 1963- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(3),49,1973 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,90,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);STEL 20 ppm (60 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 20 ppm (60 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 10 mg/m3;STEL 20 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 10 ppm;STEL 10 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);STEL 15 ppm (45 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);STEL 20 ppm;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 10 ppm (30 mg/m3);STEL 20 ppm;Skin JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE-air:10H TWA 10 ppm (Sk) REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 26560 No. of Facilities: 3115 (estimated) No. of Industries: 64 No. of Occupations: 71 No. of Employees: 69191 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 26560 No. of Facilities: 6209 (estimated) No. of Industries: 85 No. of Occupations: 93 No. of Employees: 124683 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 16011 (estimated)

 Safety Information

Symbol GHS02 GHS07 GHS08
GHS02, GHS07, GHS08
Signal Word Danger
Hazard Statements H226-H312 + H332-H319-H360D
Precautionary Statements P201-P280-P305 + P351 + P338-P308 + P313
Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
Hazard Codes T:Toxic
Risk Phrases R20/21;R36;R61
Safety Phrases S53-S45
RIDADR UN 2265 3/PG 3
WGK Germany 1
RTECS LQ2100000
Packaging Group III
Hazard Class 3
HS Code 2924191000

 Synthetic Route

 Customs

HS Code 2924191000

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Kuwanon V inhibits proliferation, promotes cell survival and increases neurogenesis of neural stem cells.

PLoS ONE 10(2) , e0118188, (2015)

Neural stem cells (NSCs) have the ability to proliferate and differentiate into neurons and glia. Regulation of NSC fate by small molecules is important for the generation of a certain type of cell. T...

 Synonyms

N,N-dimethyl-malonamic acid ethyl ester
N,N-DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE
N,N-dimethyl-formamide
Dimethylformamide
MFCD00003284
dimetylformamide
DIMETHYL FORMAMIDE
EINECS 200-679-5
ethyl a-dimethylcarbamoylacetate
Dimethylcarbamoylessigsaeure-ethylester
ethyl N,N-dimethylamidomalonate
N,N-Dimethylformamid
DMF
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