Cephalexin monohydrate

Modify Date: 2024-01-02 11:27:38

Cephalexin monohydrate Structure
Cephalexin monohydrate structure
Common Name Cephalexin monohydrate
CAS Number 23325-78-2 Molecular Weight 383.850
Density 1.5g/cm3 Boiling Point 727.4ºC at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula C16H19N3O5S Melting Point N/A
MSDS N/A Flash Point 393.7ºC

 Use of Cephalexin monohydrate


Cefalexin monohydrate is a cephalosporin antibiotic.Target: AntibacterialCefalexin (INN, BAN) or cephalexin (USAN, AAN) is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic introduced in 1967 by Eli Lilly and Company. It is an orally administered agent with a similar antimicrobial spectrum to the intravenous agents cefalotin and cefazolin. It was first marketed as Keflex (Lilly), and is marketed under several other trade names. As of 2008, cefalexin was the most popular cephalosporin antibiotic in the United States, with more than 25 million prescriptions of its generic versions alone, for US$255 million in sales (though less popular than two other antibiotics, amoxicillin and azithromycin, each with 50 million prescriptions per year).Cefalexin is marketed by generic pharmaceutical manufacturers under a wide range of brand names, including: Apo-Cephalex, Biocef, Cefanox, Ceforal, Cephabos, Cephalexin, Cephorum, Ceporex, Cilex, Ialex, Ibilex, Kefexin, Keflet, Keflex, Rekosporin, Keforal, Keftab, Keftal, Lopilexin, Larixin, Novo-Lexin, Ospexin, Tenkorex, Zephalexin, Panixine Disperdose, Rancef, Sialexin, Sporidex and Ulexin. A version of Keflex 750 mg capsules is marketed for twice-daily dosage, to improve compliance. However, it is not a sustained release formulation, and since it is more expensive than the older strengths, some physicians prescribe three 250 mg capsules to be taken twice daily, as a less expensive alternative.

 Names

Name cephalexin monohydrate
Synonym More Synonyms

 Cephalexin monohydrate Biological Activity

Description Cefalexin monohydrate is a cephalosporin antibiotic.Target: AntibacterialCefalexin (INN, BAN) or cephalexin (USAN, AAN) is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic introduced in 1967 by Eli Lilly and Company. It is an orally administered agent with a similar antimicrobial spectrum to the intravenous agents cefalotin and cefazolin. It was first marketed as Keflex (Lilly), and is marketed under several other trade names. As of 2008, cefalexin was the most popular cephalosporin antibiotic in the United States, with more than 25 million prescriptions of its generic versions alone, for US$255 million in sales (though less popular than two other antibiotics, amoxicillin and azithromycin, each with 50 million prescriptions per year).Cefalexin is marketed by generic pharmaceutical manufacturers under a wide range of brand names, including: Apo-Cephalex, Biocef, Cefanox, Ceforal, Cephabos, Cephalexin, Cephorum, Ceporex, Cilex, Ialex, Ibilex, Kefexin, Keflet, Keflex, Rekosporin, Keforal, Keftab, Keftal, Lopilexin, Larixin, Novo-Lexin, Ospexin, Tenkorex, Zephalexin, Panixine Disperdose, Rancef, Sialexin, Sporidex and Ulexin. A version of Keflex 750 mg capsules is marketed for twice-daily dosage, to improve compliance. However, it is not a sustained release formulation, and since it is more expensive than the older strengths, some physicians prescribe three 250 mg capsules to be taken twice daily, as a less expensive alternative.
Related Catalog
References

[1]. Speight TM, et al. Cephalexin: a review of its antibacterial, pharmacological and therapeutic properties. Drugs. 1972;3(1):9-78.

[2]. Tanrisever B, et al. Cefadroxil. A review of its antibacterial, pharmacokinetic and therapeutic properties in comparison with cephalexin and cephradine. Drugs. 1986;32 Suppl 3:1-16.

 Chemical & Physical Properties

Density 1.5g/cm3
Boiling Point 727.4ºC at 760 mmHg
Molecular Formula C16H19N3O5S
Molecular Weight 383.850
Flash Point 393.7ºC
Exact Mass 383.070648
PSA 147.26000
LogP 1.40970
Vapour Pressure 3.27E-22mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction 154 ° (C=0.5, H2O)
Storage condition 2-8°C
Water Solubility NH4OH 1 M: 50 mg/mL, clear, yellow

 MSDS


Section 1. Chemical Product and Company Identification
Cephalexin, Monohydrate
Common Name/
Trade Name
Cephalexin, Monohydrate

Section 2.Composition and Information on Ingredients
Exposure Limits
TWA (mg/m3) STEL (mg/m3) CEIL (mg/m3) % by Weight
NameCAS #
1) Cephalexin, Monohydrate23325-78-2100
Toxicological DataNot applicable.
on Ingredients

Section 3. Hazards Identification
Potential Acute HealthSlightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation.
Effects
CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available.
Potential Chronic Health
MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available.
Effects
TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available.
DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available.
Repeated or prolonged exposure is not known to aggravate medical condition.

Section 4. First Aid Measures
Eye ContactCheck for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water
for at least 15 minutes. Cold water may be used. Get medical attention if irritation occurs.
Skin ContactWash with soap and water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Get medical attention if irritation
develops. Cold water may be used.
Serious Skin ContactNot available.
InhalationIf inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.
Get medical attention.
Serious InhalationNot available.
IngestionDo NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to
an unconscious person. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Get medical attention
if symptoms appear.
Serious IngestionNot available.

Section 5. Fire and Explosion Data
Flammability of the Product May be combustible at high temperature.
Auto-Ignition Temperature Not available.
Not available.
Flash Points
Not available.
Flammable Limits
These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2), nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2...), sulfur oxides (SO2, SO3...).
Products of Combustion
Fire Hazards in Presence of Slightly flammable to flammable in presence of heat.
Various Substances
Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available.
Explosion Hazards in
Risks of explosion of the product in presence of static discharge: Not available.
Presence of Various
Substances
SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder.
Fire Fighting Media
LARGE FIRE: Use water spray, fog or foam. Do not use water jet.
and Instructions
Special Remarks onMaterial in powder form, capable of creating a dust explosion.
Fire Hazards
Cephalexin, Monohydrate
Special Remarks on Explosion Fine dust dispersed in air in sufficient concentrations, and in the presence of an ignition source is a potential
dust explosion hazard.
Hazards

Section 6. Accidental Release Measures
Small SpillUse appropriate tools to put the spilled solid in a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by
spreading water on the contaminated surface and dispose of according to local and regional authority
requirements.
Large SpillUse a shovel to put the material into a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by spreading
water on the contaminated surface and allow to evacuate through the sanitary system.

Section 7. Handling and Storage
PrecautionsKeep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all equipment containing material. Do
not ingest. Do not breathe dust. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or
the label. Keep away from incompatibles such as oxidizing agents.
StorageKeep container tightly closed. Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Do not store above 8°C
(35.6°F). Refrigerate.

Section 8. Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
Engineering ControlsUse process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to keep airborne levels
below recommended exposure limits. If user operations generate dust, fume or mist, use ventilation to keep
exposure to airborne contaminants below the exposure limit.
Personal ProtectionSafety glasses. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent.
Gloves.
Personal Protection in Case of Splash goggles. Full suit. Dust respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be
a Large Spillused to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a
specialist BEFORE handling this product.
Exposure LimitsNot available.

Section 9. Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical state and appearance Solid. (Crystalline powder.)OdorNot available.
TasteNot available.
365.41 g/mole
Molecular Weight
ColorWhite to off-white
pH (1% soln/water)Not available.
Not available.
Boiling Point
Melting PointNot available.
Not available.
Critical Temperature
Specific GravityNot available.
Vapor PressureNot applicable.
Vapor DensityNot available.
VolatilityNot available.
Not available.
Odor Threshold
Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.Not available.
Not available.
Ionicity (in Water)
Dispersion PropertiesSee solubility in water.
SolubilitySoluble in cold water.
Cephalexin, Monohydrate

Section 10. Stability and Reactivity Data
The product is stable.
Stability
Instability TemperatureNot available.
Excess heat, incompatible materials
Conditions of Instability
Incompatibility with various Reactive with oxidizing agents.
substances
Non-corrosive in presence of glass.
Corrosivity
Special Remarks onNot available.
Reactivity
Special Remarks onNot available.
Corrosivity
Will not occur.
Polymerization

Section 11. Toxicological Information
Routes of EntryAbsorbed through skin. Dermal contact. Eye contact. Inhalation. Ingestion.
Toxicity to AnimalsAcute oral toxicity (LD50): 1600 mg/kg [Mouse].
Chronic Effects on Humans Not available.
Other Toxic Effects onSlightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation.
Humans
Special Remarks onNot available.
Toxicity to Animals
Special Remarks onMay cause adverse reproductive effects and birth defects (teratogenic).
Chronic Effects on Humans Human: passes through the placenta, excreted in maternal milk.
Special Remarks on otherAcute Potential Health Effects:
Toxic Effects on HumansSkin: May cause skin irritaton.
Eyes: May cause respiratory tract irritation.
Inhalation: May cause respiratory tract irritation.
Ingestion: May cause nausea, vomiting, hypermotility, diarrhea, and decreased appetite. May affect
behavior (headache, somnolence, excitement, muscle weakness, ataxia, convulsions), urinary system. May
cause tinnitus, diplopia
Chronic Potenetial Health Effects:
Ingestion: Prologned or repeated ingestion may cause nausea, vomiting,hypermotility, diarrhea. It may
affect the urinary system, blood (changes in serum composition, normocytic anemia), adrenal gland, liver.

Section 12. Ecological Information
Not available.
Ecotoxicity
Not available.
BOD5 and COD
Products of BiodegradationPossibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation
products may arise.
Toxicity of the ProductsThe product itself and its products of degradation are not toxic.
of Biodegradation
Special Remarks on theNot available.
Products of Biodegradation
Cephalexin, Monohydrate

Section 13. Disposal Considerations
Waste DisposalWaste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmental
control regulations.

Section 14. Transport Information
DOT ClassificationNot a DOT controlled material (United States).
Not applicable.
Identification
Not applicable.
Special Provisions for
Transport
DOT (Pictograms)

Section 15. Other Regulatory Information and Pictograms
No products were found.
Federal and State
Regulations
CaliforniaCalifornia prop. 65: This product contains the following ingredients for which the State of California has
Proposition 65found to cause cancer which would require a warning under the statute: No products were found.
Warnings
California prop. 65: This product contains the following ingredients for which the State of California has
found to cause birth defects which would require a warning under the statute: No products were found.
EINECS: This product is not on the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances.
Other Regulations
Canada: Not listed on Canadian Domestic Substance List (DSL) or Canadian Non- Domestic Substance
List (NDSL).
China: Not listed on National Inventory.
Japan: Not listed on National Inventory (ENCS).
Korea: Not listed on National Inventory (KECI).
Philippines: Listed on National Inventory (PICCS).
Australia: Listed on AICS.
WHMIS (Canada) Not controlled under WHMIS (Canada).
Other Classifications
This product is not classifiedNot applicable.
DSCL (EEC)
according to the EU regulations.
Health Hazard
HMIS (U.S.A.)1 National Fire Protection
1 Flammability
1 Association (U.S.A.)
Fire Hazard
1 0 Reactivity
Health
Reactivity
0
Specific hazard
Personal Protection
E
WHMIS (Canada)
(Pictograms)
DSCL (Europe)
(Pictograms)
Cephalexin, Monohydrate
TDG (Canada)
(Pictograms)
ADR (Europe)
(Pictograms)
Protective Equipment
Gloves.
Lab coat.
Dust respirator. Be sure to use an
approved/certified respirator or
equivalent.


SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

 Safety Information

Hazard Codes Xn: Harmful;
Risk Phrases R42/43
Safety Phrases 22-36/37-45
RIDADR NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany 3
RTECS XI0350000

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 Synonyms

(6R,7R)-7-{[(2R)-2-Amino-2-phenylacetyl]amino}-3-methyl-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid hydrochloride (1:1)
5-Thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid, 7-[[(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetyl]amino]-3-methyl-8-oxo-, (6R,7R)-, hydrochloride (1:1)
EINECS 239-773-6
Cephalexin monohydrate
MFCD00167148
Cefalexin(compacted)
Cefalexin Monohydrate
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