Laminaran

Names

[ Name ]:
Laminaran

[Synonym ]:
D-Glucopyranosyl-(1->3)-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->3)-D-glucopyranose
Laminarin
D-Glucopyranose, O-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->3)-O-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->3)-
Laminaran
MFCD00466918

Biological Activity

[Description]:

Laminaran is a neutral water-soluble β-1-3-glucan and a typical ligand for Dectin-1 isolated from the brown alga D. dichotoma, has potent immunomodulating, radioprotective, and anticancer activities[1]. Laminaran is made up of β (1→3)-glucan with β (1→6)-branches and can be catalyzed by enzymes such as laminarinase (EC 3.2.1.6) that breaks the β (1→3) bonds[2]. Laminaran is a promising immune stimulatory molecule for use in cancer immunotherapy[3].

[Related Catalog]:

Research Areas >> Cancer

Signaling Pathways >> Others >> Others

[In Vitro]

Laminaran (100-800 µg/mL; 24 hours) is not cytotoxic against normal epidermal cells JB6 Cl41 and human melanoma cells SK-MEL-28, the percentage of inhibition of living cells number is less than 15 % at concentrations range up to 800 µg/mL after 24 h of treatment[1]. Laminaran (200 µg/mL; 24-72 hours)does not cause any growth inhibition of SK-MEL-28 cells after 24 and 48 h of treatment, but decreases cells proliferation by 36 % after 72 h of treatment[1]. Laminaran (25-50 µg/mL; 24 hours) at low concentration does not influence the phosphorylation of c-Raf (Ser259), ERK1/2 (Tyr202/Tyr204), and MEK1/2 (Ser 221) kinases as well as total expression level of investigated proteins. But decreases p-MEK, p-ERK1/2 at 50 µg/mL[1]. Cell Viability Assay[1] Cell Line: JB6 Cl41 and SK-MEL-28 cells Concentration: 100, 200, 400, and 800 µg/mL Incubation Time: 24 hours Result: Showed no cytotoxic against normal epidermal cells JB6 Cl41 and human melanoma cells SK-MEL-28. Cell Proliferation Assay[1] Cell Line: SK-MEL-28 cells Concentration: 200 µg/mL Incubation Time: 24 hours Result: Decreased cell proliferation at 72 hours. Western Blot Analysis[1] Cell Line: SK-MEL-28 cells Concentration: 25 µg/mL; 50 µg/mL Incubation Time: 24 hours Result: Inhibited phosphorylation of c-Raf, MEK1/2, and ERK1/2 kinases.

[In Vivo]

Laminaran (intravenous injection; 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg; 21 days) and OVA (50 μg) combination significanly decreases the tumor masses when it compares with the PBS-, OVA-, and laminarin-treated mice[3]. Animal Model: C57BL/6 mice injected s.c. with B16-OVA cells[3] Dosage: 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg; 21 days Administration: Intravenous injection Result: Prevented B16-OVA tumor growth by inducing Ag-specific immune responses.

[References]

[1]. Malyarenko OS, et al. Laminaran from brown alga Dictyota dichotoma and its sulfated derivative as radioprotectors and radiosensitizers in melanoma therapy.Carbohydr Polym. 2019 Feb 15;206:539-547.

[2]. Laminaran

[3]. Song K, et al. Laminarin promotes anti-cancer immunity by the maturation of dendritic cells.Oncotarget. 2017 Jun 13;8(24):38554-38567.

Chemical & Physical Properties

[ Density]:
1.8±0.1 g/cm3

[ Boiling Point ]:
902.8±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₁₈H₃₂O₁₆

[ Molecular Weight ]:
504.437

[ Flash Point ]:
499.8±34.3 °C

[ Exact Mass ]:
504.169037

[ PSA ]:
268.68000

[ LogP ]:
-6.08

[ Appearance of Characters ]:
powder | White to Off-white

[ Vapour Pressure ]:
0.0±0.6 mmHg at 25°C

[ Index of Refraction ]:
1.673

[ Storage condition ]:
2-8°C

[ Water Solubility ]:
H2O: 20 mg/mL, clear, faintly yellow | Soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (slightly, heated). Slightly soluble in water.

MSDS

Click to get detail MSDS

Safety Information

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter

[ Hazard Codes ]:
Xn

[ Safety Phrases ]:
22-24/25

[ RIDADR ]:
NONH for all modes of transport

[ WGK Germany ]:
3

[ RTECS ]:
LZ3985000

Articles

Functional characterization of polysaccharide utilization loci in the marine Bacteroidetes 'Gramella forsetii' KT0803.

ISME J. 8(7) , 1492-502, (2014)

Members of the phylum Bacteroidetes are abundant in many marine ecosystems and are known to have a pivotal role in the mineralization of complex organic substrates such as polysaccharides and proteins...

The proteome response of potato leaves to priming agents and S-nitrosoglutathione.

Plant Sci. 198 , 83-90, (2013)

The primed mobilization for more potent defense responses to subsequent stress has been shown for many plant species, but there is a growing need to identify reliable molecular markers for this unique...

Effects of supplementing dietary laminarin and fucoidan on intestinal morphology and the immune gene expression in the weaned pig.

J. Anim. Sci. 90 Suppl 4 , 284-6, (2012)

Previous studies have shown the benefit of combining seaweed extracts laminarin (LAM) and fucoidan (FUC) on improving growth in piglets' performance after weaning. A 2 × 2 factorial experiment was con...