Furfural

[ Density]:
1.1±0.1 g/cm3

[ Boiling Point ]:
161.8±0.0 °C at 760 mmHg

[ Melting Point ]:
−36 °C(lit.)

[ Molecular Formula ]:
C₅H₄O₂

[ Molecular Weight ]:
96.084

[ Flash Point ]:
58.3±0.0 °C

[ Exact Mass ]:
96.021126

[ PSA ]:
30.21000

[ LogP ]:
0.73

[ Vapour density ]:
3.31 (vs air)

[ Vapour Pressure ]:
2.2±0.3 mmHg at 25°C

[ Index of Refraction ]:
1.515

[ Stability ]:
Stable. Substances to be avoided include strong bases, strong oxidizing agents and strong acids. Flammable.

[ Water Solubility ]:
8.3 g/100 mL

[ Freezing Point ]:
-36.5℃

Click to get detail MSDS

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :: LT7000000

CHEMICAL NAME :: 2-Furaldehyde

CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :: 98-01-1

BEILSTEIN REFERENCE NO. :: 0105755

LAST UPDATED :: 199801

DATA ITEMS CITED :: 88

MOLECULAR FORMULA :: C5-H4-O2

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :: 96.09

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :: T5OJ BVH

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: Standard Draize test

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration into the eye

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Human

DOSE/DURATION :: 310 ug/m3

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 65 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 175 ppm/6H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 20 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 148 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 400 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - active as anti-cancer agent

TYPE OF TEST :: LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 370 ppm/6H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 102 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 119 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 152 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 950 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Behavioral - ataxia Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

TYPE OF TEST :: LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 370 ppm/6H

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 214 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :: 250 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 800 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage) Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - mydriasis (pupillary dilation) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory stimulation

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Administration onto the skin

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 620 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 500 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Intramuscular

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :: 78 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 541 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - hepatitis (hepatocellular necrosis), zonal Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Blood - hemorrhage

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - guinea pig

DOSE/DURATION :: 100 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Parenteral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Amphibian - frog

DOSE/DURATION :: 23 gm/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 91 mg/kg/14D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - other changes Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - other Enzymes

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 200 mg/m3/5H/12W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Autonomic Nervous System - sympathomimetic Endocrine - other changes

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 10140 ug/m3/24H/60D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Behavioral - muscle contraction or spasticity Biochemical - Enzyme inhibition, induction, or change in blood or tissue levels - true cholinesterase Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Inhalation

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 500 mg/m3/4H/4W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in both tubules and glomeruli

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 75 mg/kg/6W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Blood - pigmented or nucleated red blood cells Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Subcutaneous

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 33 mg/kg/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis) Blood - normocytic anemia Blood - leukopenia

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 4800 mg/kg/16D-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Related to Chronic Data - death

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 4875 mg/kg/13W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Liver - changes in liver weight

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :: 30900 mg/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :: Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :: Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :: 90125 mg/kg/2Y-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :: Tumorigenic - Carcinogenic by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors

TYPE OF TEST :: Specific locus test

TYPE OF TEST :: Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

TYPE OF TEST :: Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

TYPE OF TEST :: Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction

TYPE OF TEST :: Mutation test systems - not otherwise specified

MUTATION DATA

TYPE OF TEST :: Sister chromatid exchange

TEST SYSTEM :: Rodent - hamster Ovary

DOSE/DURATION :: 11700 ug/L

REFERENCE :: NTPTR* National Toxicology Program Technical Report Series. (Research Triangle Park, NC 27709) No.206- Volume(issue)/page/year: NTP-TR,382,1990 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Animal carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 7.9 mg/m3 (2 ppm) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 IARC Cancer Review:Animal Limited Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,409,1995 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,409,1995 IARC Cancer Review:Human Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. (WHO Publications Centre USA, 49 Sheridan Ave., Albany, NY 12210) V.1- 1972- Volume(issue)/page/year: 63,409,1995 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** EPA FIFRA 1988 PESTICIDE SUBJECT TO REGISTRATION OR RE-REGISTRATION FEREAC Federal Register. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) V.1- 1936- Volume(issue)/page/year: 54,7740,1989 MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3) (skin) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,120,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3) (skin) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 2 ppm (8 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 2 ppm (7.9 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (40 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:STEL 2 ppm (8 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-JAPAN:TWA 2.5 ppm (9.8 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 2 ppm (8 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-POLAND:TWA 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:TWA 2.5 ppm;STEL 10 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWEDEN:TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm (40 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 2 ppm (8 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 5 ppm (20 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 2 ppm (8 mg/m3);STEL 10 ppm;Skin JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 34120 No. of Facilities: 333 (estimated) No. of Industries: 11 No. of Occupations: 30 No. of Employees: 5904 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 34120 No. of Facilities: 6447 (estimated) No. of Industries: 79 No. of Occupations: 66 No. of Employees: 135914 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 6706 (estimated)

[ Symbol ]:

GHS06, GHS08

[ Signal Word ]:
Danger

[ Hazard Statements ]:
H301 + H331-H312-H315-H319-H335-H351

[ Precautionary Statements ]:
P261-P280-P301 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338-P311

[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter

[ Hazard Codes ]:
T:Toxic

[ Risk Phrases ]:
R21;R23/25;R36/37;R40

[ Safety Phrases ]:
S26-S36/37/39-S45-S1/2

[ RIDADR ]:
UN 1199 6.1/PG 2

[ WGK Germany ]:
2

[ RTECS ]:
LT7000000

[ Packaging Group ]:
II

[ Hazard Class ]:
6.1

[ HS Code ]:
2923900090

Click to get detail synthetic route

Precursor

DownStream

[ HS Code ]: 2932120000

[ Summary ]:
2932120000 furan-2-carbaldehyde。supervision conditions:b(certificate of inspection for goods outward)。VAT:17.0%。tax rebate rate:9.0%。MFN tarrif:6.0%。general tariff:20.0%

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Names

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Toxicological Information

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

MUTATION DATA

Safety Information

Synthetic Route

Click to get detail synthetic route

Precursor & DownStream

Precursor

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