Acetonitrile
Names
[ CAS No. ]:
75-05-8
[ Name ]:
Acetonitrile
[Synonym ]:
Acetonitrile
MFCD00001878
CH3CN
ACN
Acetonitril
NA 1648
usafek-488
EINECS 200-835-2
Cyanomethan
Chemical & Physical Properties
[ Density]:
0.7±0.1 g/cm3
[ Boiling Point ]:
81-82 ºC
[ Melting Point ]:
−45 °C
[ Molecular Formula ]:
C2H3N
[ Molecular Weight ]:
41.052
[ Flash Point ]:
2 ºC
[ Exact Mass ]:
41.026550
[ PSA ]:
23.79000
[ LogP ]:
-0.45
[ Vapour density ]:
1.41 (vs air)
[ Vapour Pressure ]:
171.0±0.1 mmHg at 25°C
[ Index of Refraction ]:
1.343-1.345
[ Stability ]:
Stability Unstable. Incompatible with alkali metals, acids, bases, reducing agents and oxidizing agents. Highly flammable.
MSDS
Toxicological Information
CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION
- RTECS NUMBER :
- AL7700000
- CHEMICAL NAME :
- Acetonitrile
- CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
- 75-05-8
- LAST UPDATED :
- 199806
- DATA ITEMS CITED :
- 78
- MOLECULAR FORMULA :
- C2-H3-N
- MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
- 41.06
- WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
- NC1
HEALTH HAZARD DATA
ACUTE TOXICITY DATA
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Open irritation test
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Administration onto the skin
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - child
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 800 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - man
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 571 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - metabolic acidosis
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human - man
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 64 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - excitement
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Human
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 160 ppm/4H
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - other changes
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 2460 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 7551 ppm/8H
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Blood - hemorrhage
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 850 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 3500 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1680 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Parenteral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1100 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 269 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 2693 ppm/1H
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Liver - other changes
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intraperitoneal
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 175 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Sense Organs and Special Senses (Eye) - corneal damage Behavioral - ataxia Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 4480 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Intravenous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 612 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LCLo - Lowest published lethal concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - dog
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 16000 ppm/4H
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - cat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 200 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - cat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 18 gm/m3
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 50 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 2828 ppm/4H
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Blood - hemorrhage
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Administration onto the skin
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1250 uL/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rabbit
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 105 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - guinea pig
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 177 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LC50 - Lethal concentration, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - guinea pig
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 5655 ppm/4H
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - altered sleep time (including change in righting reflex) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Blood - hemorrhage
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Subcutaneous
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Amphibian - frog
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 9100 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - spastic paralysis with or without sensory change Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
- TYPE OF TEST :
- LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - species unspecified
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 1670 mg/kg
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 655 ppm/7H/90D-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - chronic pulmonary edema Liver - other changes Kidney, Ureter, Bladder - changes in tubules (including acute renal failure, acute tubular necrosis)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 800 ppm/6H/13W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - ataxia Related to Chronic Data - death
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - mouse
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 800 ppm/6H/13W-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - chronic pulmonary edema Related to Chronic Data - death
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Mammal - dog
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 350 ppm/7H/91D-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - weight loss or decreased weight gain
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Primate - monkey
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 350 ppm/7H/91D-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Brain and Coverings - changes in circulation (hemorrhage, thrombosis, etc.) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - emphysema Blood - changes in erythrocyte (RBC) count
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- SPECIES OBSERVED :
- Rodent - rat
- DOSE/DURATION :
- 400 ppm/6H/2Y-I
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Tumorigenic - equivocal tumorigenic agent by RTECS criteria Liver - tumors
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- DOSE :
- 1800 ppm/6H
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 6-20 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 300 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 8 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Oral
- DOSE :
- 400 mg/kg
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 8 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants)
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- DOSE :
- 5000 ppm/1H
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 8 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Fertility - post-implantation mortality (e.g. dead and/or resorbed implants per total number of implants) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - Central Nervous System
- TYPE OF TEST :
- TCLo - Lowest published toxic concentration
- ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
- Inhalation
- DOSE :
- 8000 ppm/1H
- SEX/DURATION :
- female 8 day(s) after conception
- TOXIC EFFECTS :
- Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetotoxicity (except death, e.g., stunted fetus) Reproductive - Specific Developmental Abnormalities - musculoskeletal system
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Sex chromosome loss and nondisjunction
MUTATION DATA
- TYPE OF TEST :
- Sister chromatid exchange
- TEST SYSTEM :
- Rodent - hamster Ovary
- REFERENCE :
- EMMUEG Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis. (Alan R. Liss, Inc., 41 E. 11th St., New York, NY 10003) V.10- 1987- Volume(issue)/page/year: 10(Suppl 10),1,1987 *** REVIEWS *** ACGIH TLV-Not classifiable as a human carcinogen DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-STEL 101 mg/m3 (60 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 ACGIH TLV-TWA 67 mg/m3 (40 ppm) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: TLV/BEI,1997 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW SAIGBL Sangyo Igaku. Japanese Journal of Industrial Health. (Nippon Sangyo Eisei Igakkai, Kosu Eisei Bldg., 1-29-8, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160, Japan) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,463,1991 *** U.S. STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS *** MSHA STANDARD-air:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) DTLVS* The Threshold Limit Values (TLVs) and Biological Exposure Indices (BEIs) booklet issues by American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), Cincinnati, OH, 1996 Volume(issue)/page/year: 3,3,1971 OSHA PEL (Gen Indu):8H TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1910.1000,1994 OSHA PEL (Construc):8H TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1926.55,1994 OSHA PEL (Shipyard):8H TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 29,1915.1000,1993 OSHA PEL (Fed Cont):8H TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) CFRGBR Code of Federal Regulations. (U.S. Government Printing Office, Supt. of Documents, Washington, DC 20402) Volume(issue)/page/year: 41,50-204.50,1994 *** OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMITS *** OEL-ARAB Republic of Egypt:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRALIA:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3);STEL 60 ppm ;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-AUSTRIA:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-BELGIUM:TWA 40 ppm (67 mg/m3);STEL 60 ppm (101 mg/m3);Skin JAN 1993 OEL-DENMARK:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3);STEL 60 ppm (105 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FINLAND:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3);STEL 60 ppm (105 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-FRANCE:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-GERMANY:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-HUNGARY:TWA 50 mg/m3;STEL 100 mg/m3;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-THE NETHERLANDS:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-THE PHILIPPINES:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-RUSSIA:STEL 10 mg/m3 JAN 1993 OEL-SWITZERLAND:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3);STEL 80 ppm ;Skin JAN 1993 OEL-TURKEY:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3) JAN 1993 OEL-UNITED KINGDOM:TWA 40 ppm (70 mg/m3);STEL 60 ppm JAN 1993 OEL IN BULGARIA, COLOMBIA, JORDAN, KOREA check ACGIH TLV OEL IN NEW ZEALAND, SINGAPORE, VIETNAM check ACGIH TLV *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL) : NIOSH REL TO ACETONITRILE-air:10H TWA 20 ppm REFERENCE : NIOSH* National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Dept. of Health, Education, and Welfare, Reports and Memoranda. Volume(issue)/page/year: DHHS #92-100,1992 NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 02900 No. of Facilities: 302 (estimated) No. of Industries: 9 No. of Occupations: 25 No. of Employees: 28201 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 02900 No. of Facilities: 1172 (estimated) No. of Industries: 19 No. of Occupations: 27 No. of Employees: 31341 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 7975 (estimated)
Safety Information
[ Symbol ]:
GHS02, GHS07
[ Signal Word ]:
Danger
[ Hazard Statements ]:
H225-H302 + H312 + H332-H319
[ Precautionary Statements ]:
P210-P261-P280-P302 + P352 + P312-P304 + P340 + P312-P370 + P378
[ Personal Protective Equipment ]:
Eyeshields;Faceshields;full-face respirator (US);Gloves;multi-purpose combination respirator cartridge (US);type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
[ Hazard Codes ]:
F:Flammable
[ Risk Phrases ]:
R11;R20/21/22;R36
[ Safety Phrases ]:
S16-S36/37-S45-S36/37/39-S27-S26-S36
[ RIDADR ]:
UN 1993 3/PG 3
[ WGK Germany ]:
2
[ RTECS ]:
AL7700000
[ Packaging Group ]:
II
[ Hazard Class ]:
3
[ HS Code ]:
2926909090
Precursor & DownStream
Precursor
DownStream
Customs
[ HS Code ]: 2926909090
[ Summary ]:
HS:2926909090 other nitrile-function compounds VAT:17.0% Tax rebate rate:9.0% Supervision conditions:none MFN tariff:6.5% General tariff:30.0%
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