Aqueous hydroxide as a base for palladium-catalyzed amination of aryl chlorides and bromides
R Kuwano, M Utsunomiya…
Index: Kuwano, Ryoichi; Utsunomiya, Masaru; Hartwig, John F. Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2002 , vol. 67, # 18 p. 6479 - 6486
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Citation Number: 129
Abstract
The amination of aryl halides in the presence of inexpensive and air-stable alkali metal hydroxide bases and Pd [P (t-Bu) 3] 2 as catalyst gave arylamines in high yields. The reactions were conducted with a catalytic amount of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as phase-transfer agent and either aqueous hydroxide or solid hydroxide in the presence of water. This combination of alkali metal hydroxide base, H2O, and the ammonium salt ...
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