Phototransformation of carboxin in water. Toxicity of the pesticide and its sulfoxide to aquatic organisms

…, MR Iesce, F Cermola, M Rubino, M Isidori

Index: Dellagreca, Marina; Iesce, Maria Rosaria; Cermola, Flavio; Rubino, Maria; Isidori, Marina Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2004 , vol. 52, # 20 p. 6228 - 6232

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Citation Number: 13

Abstract

Sunlight exposure of aqueous suspensions of carboxin (1) causes its phototransformation to sulfoxide 2 and minor components. Similar effects are observed in the presence of humic acid or nitrate or at different pH values. Photoproducts 2-9 were isolated by chromatographic techniques and/or identified by spectroscopic means. Carboxin 1 and its main photoproduct sulfoxide 2 were tested to evaluate acute toxicity to primary consumers typical of the ...