Residential agricultural pesticide exposures and risks of preeclampsia

Gary M. Shaw, Wei Yang, Eric M. Roberts, Nima Aghaeepour, Jonathan A. Mayo, Kari A. Weber, Ivana Maric, Suzan L. Carmichael, Virginia D. Winn, David K. Stevenson, Paul B. English

Index: 10.1016/j.envres.2018.03.020

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Abstract

We investigated risks of preeclampsia phenotypes from potential residential pesticide exposures, including 543 individual chemicals and 69 physicochemical groupings that were applied in the San Joaquin Valley of California during the study period, 1998–2011. The study population was derived from birth certificate data linked with Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development maternal and infant hospital discharge data. The following numbers of women with preeclampsia phenotypes were identified: 1045 with superimposed (pre-existing hypertension with preeclampsia) preeclampsia (265 with gestational weeks 20–31 and 780 with gestational weeks 32–36); 3471 with severe preeclampsia (824 with gestational weeks 20–31 and 2647 with gestational weeks 32–36); and 2780 with mild preeclampsia (207 with gestational weeks 20–31 and 2573 with gestational weeks 32–36). The reference population for these groups was 197,461 women who did not have diabetes (gestational or pre-existing), did not have any hypertensive disorder, and who delivered at 37 weeks or later. The frequency of any exposure was lower or about the same in each preeclampsia case group (further delineated by gestational age), and month time period, relative to the frequency in reference population controls. Nearly all odds ratios were below 1.0 for these any vs no exposure comparisons. This study showed a general lack of increased risks between a range of agriculture pesticide exposures near women's residences and various preeclampsia phenotypes.