Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 2008-02-01

Regulation of expression and function of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DP4), DP8/9, and DP10 in allergic responses of the lung in rats.

Jutta Schade, Michael Stephan, Andreas Schmiedl, Leona Wagner, André J Niestroj, Hans-Ulrich Demuth, Nadine Frerker, Christian Klemann, Kerstin A Raber, Reinhard Pabst, Stephan von Hörsten

Index: J. Histochem. Cytochem. 56 , 147-55, (2008)

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Abstract

The expression of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DP4, CD26) affects T-cell recruitment to lungs in an experimental rat asthma model. Furthermore, the gene of the structural homologous DP10 represents a susceptibility locus for asthma in humans, and the functional homologous DP8/9 are expressed in human leukocytes. Thus, although several mechanisms may account for a role of DP4-like peptidases in asthma, detailed information on their anatomical sites of expression and function in lungs is lacking. Therefore, bronchi and lung parenchyma were evaluated using immunohistochemistry and histochemical/enzymatic activity assays, as well as quantitative real-time PCR for this family of peptidases in naïve and asthmatic rat lungs derived from wild-type F344 and DP4-deficient F344 rat strains. Surprisingly, results show not only that the induction of experimental asthma increases DP4 enzymatic activity in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and parenchyma, but also that DP8/9 enzymatic activity is regulated and, as well as the expression of DP10, primarily found in the bronchial epithelium of the airways. This is the first report showing a differential and site-specific DP4-like expression and function in the lungs, suggesting a pathophysiologically significant role in asthma.