5-Arylamino-1H-benzo [d] imidazole-4, 7-diones were synthesized and tested for their inhibitory activities on the proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and the smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Among them, several 1H-benzo [d] imidazole-4, 7- diones exhibited the selective antiproliferative activity on the HUVECs. Further mechanistic study revealed that the inhibitory effect of one representative 1H-benzo [d] imidazole-4, 7- ...