(3) The substitution of hydrogen in electron-deficient azaaromatics by the action of nucleophilic agents can formally be regarded as a hydride ion replacement. In the vast majority of cases these reactions proceed via a two-stage mechanism involving addition and elimination promoted by an oxidizing agent. For a recent review, see: Chupakin, 0. N.; Charushin, VN; van der Plas, HC Tetrahedron 1988, 44, 1.(4)(a) Elmoghayar, MRH; Groth, ...
[Lee, Hong Woo; Bok, Young Kim; Joong, Bok Ahn; Sung, Kwon Kang; Lee, Jung Hwa; Jae, Soo Shin; Soon, Kil Ahn; Lee, Sang Joon; Seung, Soo Yoon European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2005 , vol. 40, # 9 p. 862 - 874]