Stereoisomers and analogues of amastatin,[(2 S, 3 R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-5- methylhexanoyl]-l-Val-l-Val-l-Asp, were synthesized and their inhibitory activities towards aminopeptidase A (AP-A) and other arylamidases tested. Among the four stereoisomers of a new amino acid residue in amastatin, the 2 S stereoisomers exhibited strong activity. In a series of compounds in which the C-terminal amino acid of amastatin was substituted by ...