Based on the structure of HIV-1 gp41 binding site for small-molecule inhibitors, optimization of lead 2 resulted in the discovery of a new series of 2, 5-dimethyl-3-(5-(N-phenylrhodaninyl) methylene)-N-(3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl) phenyl) pyrrole compounds with improved anti-HIV-1 activity. The most active compounds 13a and 13j exhibited significant potency against gp41 6-HB formation with IC50 values of 4.4 and 4.6 μM and against HIV-1 replication in the MT ...