Molecules

Microwave-assisted and efficient solvent-free knoevenagel condensation. A sustainable protocol using porous calcium hydroxyapatite as catalyst

S Mallouk, K Bougrin, A Laghzizil, R Benhida

Index: Mallouk, Siham; Bougrin, Khalid; Laghzizil, Abdelaziz; Benhida, Rachid Molecules, 2010 , vol. 15, # 2 p. 813 - 823

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Citation Number: 38

Abstract

Abstract A sustainable Knoevenagel condensation of a series of aldehydes with malononitrile and ethyl cyanoacetate is described. The process is based on the combination of microwave activation and hydroxyapatite catalysis under solvent-free conditions. Products are obtained in and high yields after short reaction times. The effects of the specific surface of porous calcium hydroxyapatite and microwave activation are discussed. Keywords: