Crystallization of large-pore Ti-β by using a variety of diquaternary ammonium derivatives of dibromoalkane and amines such as triethylamine, 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2, 2, 2] octane (DABCO), and quinuclidine as structure-directing agents (SDA) is described. The size of hydrophobic bridging alkyl-chain length of the template [R 3 N+–(CH 2) x–N+ R 3](OH−) 2 directs the final crystalline product: Ti-β, Ti-ZSM-12, Ti-nonasil or Ti-ZSM-5, as x gradually ...
