Several mechanistic possibilities were considered. The first step is undoubtedly attack of the organolithium species 1 on the carbonyl group of 2 to produce 4, which has two obvious pathways available to it. A concerted, anion-accelerated [1, 3]-sigmatropic shift5 could occur, affording 5 directly. A second possibility is ring opening of 4 to form intermediates 6 or 7, which can cyclize to 5 via a Michael addition or electrocyclic ring closure, respectively ( ...