Dyes and Pigments

β-Carotene: A green, inexpensive, and convenient solvatochromic probe for the determination of solvent polarizability

C Loffredo, PAR Pires, M Imran, OA El Seoud

Index: Loffredo, Carina; Pires, Paulo Augusto R.; Imran, Muhammad; El Seoud, Omar A. Dyes and Pigments, 2013 , vol. 96, # 1 p. 16 - 24,9

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Citation Number: 10

Abstract

Solvent polarizability has been previously determined by using the solvatochromic probe 3, 20-di-tert-butyl-2, 2, 21, 21-tetramethyl-3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19-docosanonaene whose synthesis involves 15 steps. We show here that the natural dye β-carotene, 1, 1′-(3, 7, 12, 16-tetramethyl-1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17-octadecanonaene-1, 18-diyl) bis [2, 6, 6- trimethylcyclohexene], can be conveniently employed for the accurate determination of the ...