Abstract The Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction between aryl halides and terminal alkynes was carried out smoothly in water over a thermoregulated ligand–palladium catalyst under copper-free conditions, resulting in good to excellent yields. The Sonogashira reaction was sensitive to the electronic nature of the substituents on the aryl halides. Aryl halides with an electron-withdrawing group showed higher reactivity than those with an ...
