Thermal electrocyclic ring-opening of 4-alkyl-2-cyclobutene-1-carbaldehydes occurs at low temperature to give (2Z, 4E)-alkadienals exclusively, and the process is exploited in transforming cis-3-cyclobutene-1, 2-dimethanol 1 into a variety of naturally occurring 1, 3, 5- alkatrienes and 2, 4-decadienoates. Desymmetrisation of 1 with Pseudomonas fluorescens lipase gives access to both enantiomers of 3-oxabicyclo [3.2. 0] hept-6-en-2-one 4, for use ...