Download full text in PDF Opens in a new window. Article suggestions will be shown in a dialog on return to ScienceDirect. ... Please enable JavaScript to use all the features on this page. ... Alpha secondary isotope effects are determined experimentally by thermolysis of β-hydroxy esters. These results are compatible with a change of hybridization of carbon-2 from reactant to transition state (sp 3 - sp 2 ). ... A change of hybridization of C-2 (sp 3 → sp 2 ) in the ...