Gnetol

Modify Date: 2024-01-06 11:03:59

Gnetol structure	Common Name	Gnetol
	CAS Number	86361-55-9	Molecular Weight	244.243
	Density	1.5±0.1 g/cm3	Boiling Point	540.8±30.0 °C at 760 mmHg
	Molecular Formula	C₁₄H₁₂O₄	Melting Point	87 - 90ºC
	MSDS	N/A	Flash Point	269.7±19.2 °C

Use of Gnetol

Gnetol is a phenolic compound isolated from the root of Gnetum ula Brongn. Gnetol potently inhibits COX-1 (IC50 of 0.78 μM) and HDAC. Gnetol is a potent tyrosinase inhibitor with an IC50 of 4.5 μM for murine tyrosinase and suppresses melanin biosynthesis. Gnetol has antioxidant, antiproliferative, anticancer and hepatoprotective activity. Gnetol also possesses concentration-dependent α-Amylase, α-glucosidase, and adipogenesis activities[1][2][3].

Name	2-[(1E)-2-(3,5-Dihydroxyphenyl)ethenyl]-1,3-benzenediol
Synonym	More Synonyms

Description	Gnetol is a phenolic compound isolated from the root of Gnetum ula Brongn. Gnetol potently inhibits COX-1 (IC50 of 0.78 μM) and HDAC. Gnetol is a potent tyrosinase inhibitor with an IC50 of 4.5 μM for murine tyrosinase and suppresses melanin biosynthesis. Gnetol has antioxidant, antiproliferative, anticancer and hepatoprotective activity. Gnetol also possesses concentration-dependent α-Amylase, α-glucosidase, and adipogenesis activities[1][2][3].
Related Catalog	Research Areas >> Cancer Signaling Pathways >> Immunology/Inflammation >> COX Signaling Pathways >> Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >> Tyrosinase Research Areas >> Metabolic Disease Signaling Pathways >> Cell Cycle/DNA Damage >> HDAC Signaling Pathways >> Epigenetics >> HDAC
Target	COX-1:0.78 μM (IC50) Tyrosinase:4.5 μM (IC50) HDAC
In Vitro	The antiproliferative activities of Gnetol are tested in HCT-116, Hep-G2, MDA-MB-231, and PC-3 cell lines by measuring cell viability after treatment with 4.1 μM, 40.9 μM, 204.7 μM, 409.4 μM, and 1023.6 μM. Gnetol shows concentration-dependent reductions in cell viability in cancer cell lines with greatest activity in colorectal cancer[1]. Gnetol at 200 µg/mL significantly offers the highest protection of 54.3% against the toxicant. A lower dose of Gnetol (50 µg/mL) also shields the cell line from the toxic effects of CCl4[3]. The ligand molecule TGF-β and PPARα protein show that Gnetol has the binding affinity of 7.0 and 8.4, respectively[3].
In Vivo	Male Sprague-Dawley rats were cannulated and dosed either intravenously with Gnetol (10 μg/kg) or orally (100 mg/kg). After oral and intravenous administration, Gnetol is detected in both serum and urine as the parent compound and as a glucuronidated metabolite. The bioavailability of Gnetol is determined to be 6%. Gnetol is rapidly glucuronidated and is excreted in urine and via nonrenal routes[1]. Pretreatment of Male NIH Swiss mice (20-35 g) with Gnetol (50mg/kg, SC) is able to increase the latency period to response in analgesia models[1].
References	[1]. Remsberg CM, et al. Preclinical Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics and Content Analysis of Gnetol in Foodstuffs. Phytother Res. 2015 Aug;29(8):1168-79. [2]. Ohguchi K, et al. Gnetol as a potent tyrosinase inhibitor from genus Gnetum. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2003 Mar;67(3):663-5. [3]. Jinadatta P, et al. In silico, in vitro: antioxidant and antihepatotoxic activity of gnetol from Gnetum ula Brongn. Bioimpacts. 2019;9(4):239-249.

Density	1.5±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point	540.8±30.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point	87 - 90ºC
Molecular Formula	C₁₄H₁₂O₄
Molecular Weight	244.243
Flash Point	269.7±19.2 °C
Exact Mass	244.073563
PSA	80.92000
LogP	3.73
Vapour Pressure	0.0±1.5 mmHg at 25°C
Index of Refraction	1.801

Gnetol MSDS(Chinese)

Hazard Codes	Xn
HS Code	2907299090

HS Code	2907299090
Summary	2907299090 polyphenols; phenol-alcohols。supervision conditions:AB(certificate of inspection for goods inward,certificate of inspection for goods outward)。VAT:17.0%。tax rebate rate:9.0%。MFN tariff:5.5%。general tariff:30.0%