sodium nitroprusside

Sodium Nitroprusside is a potent vasodilator working through releasing NO spontaneously in blood.Target: OthersSodium Nitroprusside is a potent vasodilator. Sodium nitroprusside has potent vasodilating effects in arterioles and venules. Sodium Nitroprusside breaks down in circulation to release nitric oxide (NO). NO activates guanylate cyclase in vascular smooth muscle and increases intracellular production of cGMP. The end result is vascular smooth muscle relaxation, which allow vessels to dilate [1]. Sodium nitroprusside decreases the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells [2]. Sodium nitroprusside (5 mg/kg) significantly reduces the intestinal ischemiareperfusion injury as a nitric oxide donor in rats [3].

Signaling Pathways >> Others >> Others

Research Areas >> Cardiovascular Disease

[1]. Wink, D.A., et al., The effect of various nitric oxide-donor agents on hydrogen peroxide-mediated toxicity: a direct correlation between nitric oxide formation and protection. Arch Biochem Biophys, 1996. 331(2): p. 241-8.

[2]. Garg, U.C. and A. Hassid, Nitric oxide-generating vasodilators and 8-bromo-cyclic guanosine monophosphate inhibit mitogenesis and proliferation of cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells. J Clin Invest, 1989. 83(5): p. 1774-7.

[3]. Namazi, H., Sodium nitroprusside as a nitric oxide donor in a rat intestinal ischemia reperfusion model: a novel molecular mechanism. Clinics (Sao Paulo), 2008. 63(3): p. 405.

Captisol | Cyclosporin A | H2DCFDA | 0MPTP hydrochloride | GW4869 | Etomoxir | TD139 | Mitoquinone mesylate | GSK2795039 | JC-1 | BAPTA-AM | AP 20187 | Setanaxib (GKT137831) | D-Luciferin | Crotaline

MOLECULAR FORMULA :

C5-Fe-N6-O.2Na

MOLECULAR WEIGHT :

261.94

WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :

NA2 FE-CN5-NO

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

12500 ug/kg/6D-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - somnolence (general depressed activity) Behavioral - hallucinations, distorted perceptions Behavioral - toxic psychosis

REFERENCE :

JTCTDW Journal of Toxicology, Clinical Toxicology. (Marcel Dekker, 270 Madison Ave., New York, NY 10016) V.19- 1982- Volume(issue)/page/year: 19,475,1982

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

3360 ug/kg/14H-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - toxic psychosis Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - metabolic acidosis

REFERENCE :

AIMEAS Annals of Internal Medicine. (American College of Physicians, 4200 Pine St., Philadelphia, PA 19104) V.1- 1927- Volume(issue)/page/year: 104,895,1986

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - man

DOSE/DURATION :

29 mg/kg/1W-I

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Cardiac - pulse rate Gastrointestinal - nausea or vomiting

REFERENCE :

SMJOAV Southern Medical Journal. (Southern Medical Assoc., POB 2446, Birmingham, AL 35205) V.1- 1908- Volume(issue)/page/year: 77,1035,1984

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human

DOSE/DURATION :

10 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Cardiac - change in rate Cardiac - other changes Vascular - BP elevation not characterized in autonomic section

REFERENCE :

CANJAE Canadian Anaesthetists' Society Journal. (Toronto, Ont., Canada) V.1-33, 1954-86. Volume(issue)/page/year: 22,547,1975

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

5 ug/kg/5M-C

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Brain and Coverings - increased intracranial pressure

REFERENCE :

JAMAAP JAMA, Journal of the American Medical Association. (AMA, 535 N. Dearborn St., Chicago, IL 60610) V.1- 1883- Volume(issue)/page/year: 246,2679,1981

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Unreported

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Human - woman

DOSE/DURATION :

23 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Behavioral - general anesthetic Cardiac - change in rate Nutritional and Gross Metabolic - metabolic acidosis

REFERENCE :

ANESAV Anesthesiology. (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment Dept., 2350 Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740) V.1- 1940- Volume(issue)/page/year: 49,428,1978

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

99 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,308,1974

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

9400 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,308,1974

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rat

DOSE/DURATION :

6286 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Blood - other changes

REFERENCE :

TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,92,1981

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

61 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,308,1974

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intraperitoneal

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - mouse

DOSE/DURATION :

9400 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,308,1974

TYPE OF TEST :

LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Mammal - dog

DOSE/DURATION :

20800 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

ARZNAD Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. (Editio Cantor Verlag, Postfach 1255, W-7960 Aulendorf, Fed. Rep. Ger.) V.1- 1951- Volume(issue)/page/year: 24,308,1974

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Oral

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

34 mg/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,92,1981

TYPE OF TEST :

LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

SPECIES OBSERVED :

Rodent - rabbit

DOSE/DURATION :

4191 ug/kg

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value

REFERENCE :

TOXID9 Toxicologist. (Soc. of Toxicology, Inc., 475 Wolf Ledge Parkway, Akron, OH 44311) V.1- 1981- Volume(issue)/page/year: 1,92,1981 ** REPRODUCTIVE DATA **

TYPE OF TEST :

TDLo - Lowest published toxic dose

ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :

Intravenous

DOSE :

909 ng/kg

SEX/DURATION :

female 20 week(s) after conception

TOXIC EFFECTS :

Reproductive - Effects on Embryo or Fetus - fetal death

REFERENCE :

AJOGAH American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. (C.V. Mosby Co., 11830 Westline Industrial Dr., St. Louis, MO 63146) V.1- 1920- Volume(issue)/page/year: 139,708,1981 *** REVIEWS *** TOXICOLOGY REVIEW PGMJAO Postgraduate Medical Journal. (Blackwell Scientific Pub. Ltd., POB 88, Oxford, UK) V.1- 1925- Volume(issue)/page/year: 50,576,1974 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW ANESAV Anesthesiology. (Lippincott/Harper, Journal Fulfillment Dept., 2350 Virginia Ave., Hagerstown, MD 21740) V.1- 1940- Volume(issue)/page/year: 45,340,1976 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW DICPBB Drug Intelligence and Clinical Pharmacy. (POB 42435, Cincinnati, OH 45242) V.3- 1969- Volume(issue)/page/year: 9,361,1975 TOXICOLOGY REVIEW FEPRA7 Federation Proceedings, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology. (Bethesda, MD) V.1-46, 1942-87. Volume(issue)/page/year: 35,69,1976 *** NIOSH STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT AND SURVEILLANCE DATA *** NIOSH OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE SURVEY DATA : NOHS - National Occupational Hazard Survey (1974) NOHS Hazard Code - 83380 No. of Facilities: 698 (estimated) No. of Industries: 3 No. of Occupations: 7 No. of Employees: 5099 (estimated) NOES - National Occupational Exposure Survey (1983) NOES Hazard Code - 83380 No. of Facilities: 2106 (estimated) No. of Industries: 5 No. of Occupations: 18 No. of Employees: 127801 (estimated) No. of Female Employees: 116407 (estimated)